The Arizona Board of Regents Tucson: Arizona 2014. Advanced hazmat life support provider manual. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors: signal transduction through multiple effectors. Muscarinic receptors: their roles in disorders of the central nervous system and potential as therapeutic targets. Overview of muscarinic receptor subtypes. Structure-function analysis of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Muscarinic receptor subtypes in neuronal and non-neuronal cholinergic function. Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors: novel opportunities for drug development. Kruse AC, Kobilka BK, Gautam D, Sexton PM, Christopoulos A, Wess J. Goodman and Gilman’s the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. In: Brunton L, Chabner B, Knollman B, editors. Muscarinic receptor agonists and antagonists. In addition, atropine is a therapeutic cycloplegic, antispasmodic, inhibitor of secretions in the respiratory and alimentary tracts, and vagolytic, leading to the use of this drug to treat symptomatic bradycardia. As an antidote, atropine is the cornerstone for treating organophosphate (OP) and carbamate insecticide poisoning and OP military nerve agent poisoning.
Preparations of plant extracts containing atropine have been used for centuries, both medicinally and as poisons. Pharmacologic preparations are also a racemic mixture, with the l-isomer possessing the characteristic antimuscarinic action. Atropine ( d, l-) is a naturally occurring racemic mixture of an alkaloid obtained from solanaceous plants, such as (deadly nightshade) and Datura stramonium (jimson weed).
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